Intraventricular hemorrhage in neonates is commonly caused by which substance?

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in neonates is associated with several risk factors, including vascular instability and low blood pressure, particularly in premature infants. Sodium bicarbonate administration in this population can lead to alkalosis and other changes that may increase the likelihood of IVH due to its impact on cerebral blood flow and vascular tone, especially in an immature vascular system.

The correct choice highlights the potential connection between sodium bicarbonate use and the development of IVH. This can occur due to changes in blood pH affecting cerebral perfusion. While sodium bicarbonate can be used to correct metabolic acidosis, its side effects can contribute to conditions that promote IVH.

Other substances mentioned do not have a well-identified relationship with the incidence of IVH in neonates. For instance, normal saline is generally safe and often used for fluid resuscitation without direct causative effects related to IVH. Calcium channel blockers, while significant in the context of certain cardiovascular conditions, are not known to directly induce intraventricular hemorrhages in this patient demographic. Magnesium sulfate is commonly administered to preterm mothers to prevent preterm labor and manage certain complications but is not associated with a direct increase in IVH incidence.

Thus, the relationship between