What congenital condition can lead to infertility in males with CF?

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder primarily affecting the lungs and digestive system, but it also has implications for male reproductive health. One significant feature of CF is the congenital absence of the vas deferens, which is a crucial component of the male reproductive system. The vas deferens is responsible for transporting sperm from the testicles to the urethra, and its absence directly leads to infertility in males with this condition.

In individuals with CF, mutations in the CFTR gene can cause the development of the male reproductive tract to be disrupted. As a result, many males with CF are born with a condition known as congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). This absence means that even if sperm production occurs, it cannot reach the urethra, resulting in infertility.

The other options listed, while representing congenital conditions, do not have this specific and direct relationship with infertility in males with CF. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome, atrial septal defect, and pulmonary valve stenosis are all heart conditions and do not affect the reproductive system in the same way that the absence of the vas deferens does.