What is a common cardiac anomaly associated with DiGeorge syndrome?

DiGeorge syndrome, also known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, is a genetic disorder that can lead to various developmental defects, including significant cardiac anomalies. One of the most commonly associated cardiac defects with DiGeorge syndrome is tetralogy of Fallot. This condition is a complex congenital heart defect that involves four specific heart malformations: ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, an overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy.

Tetralogy of Fallot occurs due to improper development of the outflow tract of the right ventricle during embryonic development, a situation which can be influenced by the genetic abnormalities seen in DiGeorge syndrome. The presence of this particular anomaly highlights the importance of screening for congenital heart defects in patients with DiGeorge syndrome, as early detection and intervention are crucial for managing associated complications.

The other cardiac defects listed may occur more generally in congenital heart disease but are not specifically or commonly linked to DiGeorge syndrome in the same way that tetralogy of Fallot is. Understanding these connections is essential for clinicians in identifying and managing the broader range of disorders associated with syndromic presentations.