What is a common complication of untreated nephrotic syndrome?

In untreated nephrotic syndrome, a significant complication is the increased risk of infections. This can primarily be attributed to the loss of immunoglobulins (antibodies) in the urine due to the underlying kidney dysfunction. Nephrotic syndrome often leads to proteinuria, where essential proteins that help the body fight off infections are lost, resulting in immune deficiency.

Moreover, as the syndrome progresses, patients may develop edema and alterations in their immune response, making them more susceptible to bacterial infections, particularly of the respiratory and urinary tracts. Vaccinations may also be less effective in this population, further heightening the risk of infections.

While hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dehydration can occur in various conditions and may be associated with nephrotic syndrome, they are not as direct or common complications of untreated nephrotic syndrome as infections are. The focus on infections underscores the importance of monitoring and treating nephrotic syndrome appropriately to prevent these serious complications.