Which vaccine is primarily associated with the prevention of GBS?

The vaccine primarily associated with the prevention of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is the influenza vaccine. GBS is a rare neurological disorder that can sometimes occur following viral infections or vaccinations, particularly the flu vaccine. The connection between the flu vaccine and GBS is based on epidemiological studies that have indicated a small increased risk of GBS after receiving the influenza vaccine, particularly after the 1976 swine flu vaccination campaign. However, it is important to note that the risk of developing GBS is still extremely low compared to the benefits of vaccination in preventing influenza and its complications.

The other options provided do not have a significant association with GBS. Hepatitis B vaccine, for example, is mainly focused on preventing hepatitis B virus infection and does not have a noted link to GBS. The measles vaccine is protective against measles virus and its complications, but not related to GBS. Similarly, the varicella vaccine protects against chickenpox and its complications, without a clear connection to Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Thus, the influenza vaccine is recognized for its association with GBS, making it the correct answer in this context.